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version = 1
test_patterns = [
"*_test.go"
]
[[analyzers]]
name = "go"
enabled = true
[analyzers.meta]
import_path = "dario.cat/mergo"
\ No newline at end of file
#### joe made this: http://goel.io/joe
#### go ####
# Binaries for programs and plugins
*.exe
*.dll
*.so
*.dylib
# Test binary, build with `go test -c`
*.test
# Output of the go coverage tool, specifically when used with LiteIDE
*.out
# Project-local glide cache, RE: https://github.com/Masterminds/glide/issues/736
.glide/
#### vim ####
# Swap
[._]*.s[a-v][a-z]
[._]*.sw[a-p]
[._]s[a-v][a-z]
[._]sw[a-p]
# Session
Session.vim
# Temporary
.netrwhist
*~
# Auto-generated tag files
tags
language: go
arch:
- amd64
- ppc64le
install:
- go get -t
- go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/cover
- go get github.com/mattn/goveralls
script:
- go test -race -v ./...
after_script:
- $HOME/gopath/bin/goveralls -service=travis-ci -repotoken $COVERALLS_TOKEN
# Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct
## Our Pledge
In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as contributors and maintainers pledge to making participation in our project and our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body size, disability, ethnicity, gender identity and expression, level of experience, nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and orientation.
## Our Standards
Examples of behavior that contributes to creating a positive environment include:
* Using welcoming and inclusive language
* Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences
* Gracefully accepting constructive criticism
* Focusing on what is best for the community
* Showing empathy towards other community members
Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include:
* The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or advances
* Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
* Public or private harassment
* Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic address, without explicit permission
* Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a professional setting
## Our Responsibilities
Project maintainers are responsible for clarifying the standards of acceptable behavior and are expected to take appropriate and fair corrective action in response to any instances of unacceptable behavior.
Project maintainers have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or reject comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions that are not aligned to this Code of Conduct, or to ban temporarily or permanently any contributor for other behaviors that they deem inappropriate, threatening, offensive, or harmful.
## Scope
This Code of Conduct applies both within project spaces and in public spaces when an individual is representing the project or its community. Examples of representing a project or community include using an official project e-mail address, posting via an official social media account, or acting as an appointed representative at an online or offline event. Representation of a project may be further defined and clarified by project maintainers.
## Enforcement
Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be reported by contacting the project team at i@dario.im. The project team will review and investigate all complaints, and will respond in a way that it deems appropriate to the circumstances. The project team is obligated to maintain confidentiality with regard to the reporter of an incident. Further details of specific enforcement policies may be posted separately.
Project maintainers who do not follow or enforce the Code of Conduct in good faith may face temporary or permanent repercussions as determined by other members of the project's leadership.
## Attribution
This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant][homepage], version 1.4, available at [http://contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4][version]
[homepage]: http://contributor-covenant.org
[version]: http://contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4/
<!-- omit in toc -->
# Contributing to mergo
First off, thanks for taking the time to contribute! ❤️
All types of contributions are encouraged and valued. See the [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents) for different ways to help and details about how this project handles them. Please make sure to read the relevant section before making your contribution. It will make it a lot easier for us maintainers and smooth out the experience for all involved. The community looks forward to your contributions. 🎉
> And if you like the project, but just don't have time to contribute, that's fine. There are other easy ways to support the project and show your appreciation, which we would also be very happy about:
> - Star the project
> - Tweet about it
> - Refer this project in your project's readme
> - Mention the project at local meetups and tell your friends/colleagues
<!-- omit in toc -->
## Table of Contents
- [Code of Conduct](#code-of-conduct)
- [I Have a Question](#i-have-a-question)
- [I Want To Contribute](#i-want-to-contribute)
- [Reporting Bugs](#reporting-bugs)
- [Suggesting Enhancements](#suggesting-enhancements)
## Code of Conduct
This project and everyone participating in it is governed by the
[mergo Code of Conduct](https://github.com/imdario/mergoblob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md).
By participating, you are expected to uphold this code. Please report unacceptable behavior
to <>.
## I Have a Question
> If you want to ask a question, we assume that you have read the available [Documentation](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/imdario/mergo).
Before you ask a question, it is best to search for existing [Issues](https://github.com/imdario/mergo/issues) that might help you. In case you have found a suitable issue and still need clarification, you can write your question in this issue. It is also advisable to search the internet for answers first.
If you then still feel the need to ask a question and need clarification, we recommend the following:
- Open an [Issue](https://github.com/imdario/mergo/issues/new).
- Provide as much context as you can about what you're running into.
- Provide project and platform versions (nodejs, npm, etc), depending on what seems relevant.
We will then take care of the issue as soon as possible.
## I Want To Contribute
> ### Legal Notice <!-- omit in toc -->
> When contributing to this project, you must agree that you have authored 100% of the content, that you have the necessary rights to the content and that the content you contribute may be provided under the project license.
### Reporting Bugs
<!-- omit in toc -->
#### Before Submitting a Bug Report
A good bug report shouldn't leave others needing to chase you up for more information. Therefore, we ask you to investigate carefully, collect information and describe the issue in detail in your report. Please complete the following steps in advance to help us fix any potential bug as fast as possible.
- Make sure that you are using the latest version.
- Determine if your bug is really a bug and not an error on your side e.g. using incompatible environment components/versions (Make sure that you have read the [documentation](). If you are looking for support, you might want to check [this section](#i-have-a-question)).
- To see if other users have experienced (and potentially already solved) the same issue you are having, check if there is not already a bug report existing for your bug or error in the [bug tracker](https://github.com/imdario/mergoissues?q=label%3Abug).
- Also make sure to search the internet (including Stack Overflow) to see if users outside of the GitHub community have discussed the issue.
- Collect information about the bug:
- Stack trace (Traceback)
- OS, Platform and Version (Windows, Linux, macOS, x86, ARM)
- Version of the interpreter, compiler, SDK, runtime environment, package manager, depending on what seems relevant.
- Possibly your input and the output
- Can you reliably reproduce the issue? And can you also reproduce it with older versions?
<!-- omit in toc -->
#### How Do I Submit a Good Bug Report?
> You must never report security related issues, vulnerabilities or bugs including sensitive information to the issue tracker, or elsewhere in public. Instead sensitive bugs must be sent by email to .
<!-- You may add a PGP key to allow the messages to be sent encrypted as well. -->
We use GitHub issues to track bugs and errors. If you run into an issue with the project:
- Open an [Issue](https://github.com/imdario/mergo/issues/new). (Since we can't be sure at this point whether it is a bug or not, we ask you not to talk about a bug yet and not to label the issue.)
- Explain the behavior you would expect and the actual behavior.
- Please provide as much context as possible and describe the *reproduction steps* that someone else can follow to recreate the issue on their own. This usually includes your code. For good bug reports you should isolate the problem and create a reduced test case.
- Provide the information you collected in the previous section.
Once it's filed:
- The project team will label the issue accordingly.
- A team member will try to reproduce the issue with your provided steps. If there are no reproduction steps or no obvious way to reproduce the issue, the team will ask you for those steps and mark the issue as `needs-repro`. Bugs with the `needs-repro` tag will not be addressed until they are reproduced.
- If the team is able to reproduce the issue, it will be marked `needs-fix`, as well as possibly other tags (such as `critical`), and the issue will be left to be implemented by someone.
### Suggesting Enhancements
This section guides you through submitting an enhancement suggestion for mergo, **including completely new features and minor improvements to existing functionality**. Following these guidelines will help maintainers and the community to understand your suggestion and find related suggestions.
<!-- omit in toc -->
#### Before Submitting an Enhancement
- Make sure that you are using the latest version.
- Read the [documentation]() carefully and find out if the functionality is already covered, maybe by an individual configuration.
- Perform a [search](https://github.com/imdario/mergo/issues) to see if the enhancement has already been suggested. If it has, add a comment to the existing issue instead of opening a new one.
- Find out whether your idea fits with the scope and aims of the project. It's up to you to make a strong case to convince the project's developers of the merits of this feature. Keep in mind that we want features that will be useful to the majority of our users and not just a small subset. If you're just targeting a minority of users, consider writing an add-on/plugin library.
<!-- omit in toc -->
#### How Do I Submit a Good Enhancement Suggestion?
Enhancement suggestions are tracked as [GitHub issues](https://github.com/imdario/mergo/issues).
- Use a **clear and descriptive title** for the issue to identify the suggestion.
- Provide a **step-by-step description of the suggested enhancement** in as many details as possible.
- **Describe the current behavior** and **explain which behavior you expected to see instead** and why. At this point you can also tell which alternatives do not work for you.
- You may want to **include screenshots and animated GIFs** which help you demonstrate the steps or point out the part which the suggestion is related to. You can use [this tool](https://www.cockos.com/licecap/) to record GIFs on macOS and Windows, and [this tool](https://github.com/colinkeenan/silentcast) or [this tool](https://github.com/GNOME/byzanz) on Linux. <!-- this should only be included if the project has a GUI -->
- **Explain why this enhancement would be useful** to most mergo users. You may also want to point out the other projects that solved it better and which could serve as inspiration.
<!-- omit in toc -->
## Attribution
This guide is based on the **contributing-gen**. [Make your own](https://github.com/bttger/contributing-gen)!
Copyright (c) 2013 Dario Castañé. All rights reserved.
Copyright (c) 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
distribution.
* Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
# Mergo
[![GitHub release][5]][6]
[![GoCard][7]][8]
[![Test status][1]][2]
[![OpenSSF Scorecard][21]][22]
[![OpenSSF Best Practices][19]][20]
[![Coverage status][9]][10]
[![Sourcegraph][11]][12]
[![FOSSA status][13]][14]
[![GoDoc][3]][4]
[![Become my sponsor][15]][16]
[![Tidelift][17]][18]
[1]: https://github.com/imdario/mergo/workflows/tests/badge.svg?branch=master
[2]: https://github.com/imdario/mergo/actions/workflows/tests.yml
[3]: https://godoc.org/github.com/imdario/mergo?status.svg
[4]: https://godoc.org/github.com/imdario/mergo
[5]: https://img.shields.io/github/release/imdario/mergo.svg
[6]: https://github.com/imdario/mergo/releases
[7]: https://goreportcard.com/badge/imdario/mergo
[8]: https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/imdario/mergo
[9]: https://coveralls.io/repos/github/imdario/mergo/badge.svg?branch=master
[10]: https://coveralls.io/github/imdario/mergo?branch=master
[11]: https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/imdario/mergo/-/badge.svg
[12]: https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/imdario/mergo?badge
[13]: https://app.fossa.io/api/projects/git%2Bgithub.com%2Fimdario%2Fmergo.svg?type=shield
[14]: https://app.fossa.io/projects/git%2Bgithub.com%2Fimdario%2Fmergo?ref=badge_shield
[15]: https://img.shields.io/github/sponsors/imdario
[16]: https://github.com/sponsors/imdario
[17]: https://tidelift.com/badges/package/go/github.com%2Fimdario%2Fmergo
[18]: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/go-github.com-imdario-mergo
[19]: https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/7177/badge
[20]: https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/7177
[21]: https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/imdario/mergo/badge
[22]: https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/imdario/mergo
A helper to merge structs and maps in Golang. Useful for configuration default values, avoiding messy if-statements.
Mergo merges same-type structs and maps by setting default values in zero-value fields. Mergo won't merge unexported (private) fields. It will do recursively any exported one. It also won't merge structs inside maps (because they are not addressable using Go reflection).
Also a lovely [comune](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mergo) (municipality) in the Province of Ancona in the Italian region of Marche.
## Status
It is ready for production use. [It is used in several projects by Docker, Google, The Linux Foundation, VMWare, Shopify, Microsoft, etc](https://github.com/imdario/mergo#mergo-in-the-wild).
### Important notes
#### 1.0.0
In [1.0.0](//github.com/imdario/mergo/releases/tag/1.0.0) Mergo moves to a vanity URL `dario.cat/mergo`.
#### 0.3.9
Please keep in mind that a problematic PR broke [0.3.9](//github.com/imdario/mergo/releases/tag/0.3.9). I reverted it in [0.3.10](//github.com/imdario/mergo/releases/tag/0.3.10), and I consider it stable but not bug-free. Also, this version adds support for go modules.
Keep in mind that in [0.3.2](//github.com/imdario/mergo/releases/tag/0.3.2), Mergo changed `Merge()`and `Map()` signatures to support [transformers](#transformers). I added an optional/variadic argument so that it won't break the existing code.
If you were using Mergo before April 6th, 2015, please check your project works as intended after updating your local copy with ```go get -u dario.cat/mergo```. I apologize for any issue caused by its previous behavior and any future bug that Mergo could cause in existing projects after the change (release 0.2.0).
### Donations
If Mergo is useful to you, consider buying me a coffee, a beer, or making a monthly donation to allow me to keep building great free software. :heart_eyes:
<a href='https://ko-fi.com/B0B58839' target='_blank'><img height='36' style='border:0px;height:36px;' src='https://az743702.vo.msecnd.net/cdn/kofi1.png?v=0' border='0' alt='Buy Me a Coffee at ko-fi.com' /></a>
<a href="https://liberapay.com/dario/donate"><img alt="Donate using Liberapay" src="https://liberapay.com/assets/widgets/donate.svg"></a>
<a href='https://github.com/sponsors/imdario' target='_blank'><img alt="Become my sponsor" src="https://img.shields.io/github/sponsors/imdario?style=for-the-badge" /></a>
### Mergo in the wild
- [moby/moby](https://github.com/moby/moby)
- [kubernetes/kubernetes](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes)
- [vmware/dispatch](https://github.com/vmware/dispatch)
- [Shopify/themekit](https://github.com/Shopify/themekit)
- [imdario/zas](https://github.com/imdario/zas)
- [matcornic/hermes](https://github.com/matcornic/hermes)
- [OpenBazaar/openbazaar-go](https://github.com/OpenBazaar/openbazaar-go)
- [kataras/iris](https://github.com/kataras/iris)
- [michaelsauter/crane](https://github.com/michaelsauter/crane)
- [go-task/task](https://github.com/go-task/task)
- [sensu/uchiwa](https://github.com/sensu/uchiwa)
- [ory/hydra](https://github.com/ory/hydra)
- [sisatech/vcli](https://github.com/sisatech/vcli)
- [dairycart/dairycart](https://github.com/dairycart/dairycart)
- [projectcalico/felix](https://github.com/projectcalico/felix)
- [resin-os/balena](https://github.com/resin-os/balena)
- [go-kivik/kivik](https://github.com/go-kivik/kivik)
- [Telefonica/govice](https://github.com/Telefonica/govice)
- [supergiant/supergiant](supergiant/supergiant)
- [SergeyTsalkov/brooce](https://github.com/SergeyTsalkov/brooce)
- [soniah/dnsmadeeasy](https://github.com/soniah/dnsmadeeasy)
- [ohsu-comp-bio/funnel](https://github.com/ohsu-comp-bio/funnel)
- [EagerIO/Stout](https://github.com/EagerIO/Stout)
- [lynndylanhurley/defsynth-api](https://github.com/lynndylanhurley/defsynth-api)
- [russross/canvasassignments](https://github.com/russross/canvasassignments)
- [rdegges/cryptly-api](https://github.com/rdegges/cryptly-api)
- [casualjim/exeggutor](https://github.com/casualjim/exeggutor)
- [divshot/gitling](https://github.com/divshot/gitling)
- [RWJMurphy/gorl](https://github.com/RWJMurphy/gorl)
- [andrerocker/deploy42](https://github.com/andrerocker/deploy42)
- [elwinar/rambler](https://github.com/elwinar/rambler)
- [tmaiaroto/gopartman](https://github.com/tmaiaroto/gopartman)
- [jfbus/impressionist](https://github.com/jfbus/impressionist)
- [Jmeyering/zealot](https://github.com/Jmeyering/zealot)
- [godep-migrator/rigger-host](https://github.com/godep-migrator/rigger-host)
- [Dronevery/MultiwaySwitch-Go](https://github.com/Dronevery/MultiwaySwitch-Go)
- [thoas/picfit](https://github.com/thoas/picfit)
- [mantasmatelis/whooplist-server](https://github.com/mantasmatelis/whooplist-server)
- [jnuthong/item_search](https://github.com/jnuthong/item_search)
- [bukalapak/snowboard](https://github.com/bukalapak/snowboard)
- [containerssh/containerssh](https://github.com/containerssh/containerssh)
- [goreleaser/goreleaser](https://github.com/goreleaser/goreleaser)
- [tjpnz/structbot](https://github.com/tjpnz/structbot)
## Install
go get dario.cat/mergo
// use in your .go code
import (
"dario.cat/mergo"
)
## Usage
You can only merge same-type structs with exported fields initialized as zero value of their type and same-types maps. Mergo won't merge unexported (private) fields but will do recursively any exported one. It won't merge empty structs value as [they are zero values](https://golang.org/ref/spec#The_zero_value) too. Also, maps will be merged recursively except for structs inside maps (because they are not addressable using Go reflection).
```go
if err := mergo.Merge(&dst, src); err != nil {
// ...
}
```
Also, you can merge overwriting values using the transformer `WithOverride`.
```go
if err := mergo.Merge(&dst, src, mergo.WithOverride); err != nil {
// ...
}
```
Additionally, you can map a `map[string]interface{}` to a struct (and otherwise, from struct to map), following the same restrictions as in `Merge()`. Keys are capitalized to find each corresponding exported field.
```go
if err := mergo.Map(&dst, srcMap); err != nil {
// ...
}
```
Warning: if you map a struct to map, it won't do it recursively. Don't expect Mergo to map struct members of your struct as `map[string]interface{}`. They will be just assigned as values.
Here is a nice example:
```go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"dario.cat/mergo"
)
type Foo struct {
A string
B int64
}
func main() {
src := Foo{
A: "one",
B: 2,
}
dest := Foo{
A: "two",
}
mergo.Merge(&dest, src)
fmt.Println(dest)
// Will print
// {two 2}
}
```
Note: if test are failing due missing package, please execute:
go get gopkg.in/yaml.v3
### Transformers
Transformers allow to merge specific types differently than in the default behavior. In other words, now you can customize how some types are merged. For example, `time.Time` is a struct; it doesn't have zero value but IsZero can return true because it has fields with zero value. How can we merge a non-zero `time.Time`?
```go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"dario.cat/mergo"
"reflect"
"time"
)
type timeTransformer struct {
}
func (t timeTransformer) Transformer(typ reflect.Type) func(dst, src reflect.Value) error {
if typ == reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}) {
return func(dst, src reflect.Value) error {
if dst.CanSet() {
isZero := dst.MethodByName("IsZero")
result := isZero.Call([]reflect.Value{})
if result[0].Bool() {
dst.Set(src)
}
}
return nil
}
}
return nil
}
type Snapshot struct {
Time time.Time
// ...
}
func main() {
src := Snapshot{time.Now()}
dest := Snapshot{}
mergo.Merge(&dest, src, mergo.WithTransformers(timeTransformer{}))
fmt.Println(dest)
// Will print
// { 2018-01-12 01:15:00 +0000 UTC m=+0.000000001 }
}
```
## Contact me
If I can help you, you have an idea or you are using Mergo in your projects, don't hesitate to drop me a line (or a pull request): [@im_dario](https://twitter.com/im_dario)
## About
Written by [Dario Castañé](http://dario.im).
## License
[BSD 3-Clause](http://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause) license, as [Go language](http://golang.org/LICENSE).
[![FOSSA Status](https://app.fossa.io/api/projects/git%2Bgithub.com%2Fimdario%2Fmergo.svg?type=large)](https://app.fossa.io/projects/git%2Bgithub.com%2Fimdario%2Fmergo?ref=badge_large)
# Security Policy
## Supported Versions
| Version | Supported |
| ------- | ------------------ |
| 0.3.x | :white_check_mark: |
| < 0.3 | :x: |
## Security contact information
To report a security vulnerability, please use the
[Tidelift security contact](https://tidelift.com/security).
Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure.
// Copyright 2013 Dario Castañé. All rights reserved.
// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
/*
A helper to merge structs and maps in Golang. Useful for configuration default values, avoiding messy if-statements.
Mergo merges same-type structs and maps by setting default values in zero-value fields. Mergo won't merge unexported (private) fields. It will do recursively any exported one. It also won't merge structs inside maps (because they are not addressable using Go reflection).
# Status
It is ready for production use. It is used in several projects by Docker, Google, The Linux Foundation, VMWare, Shopify, etc.
# Important notes
1.0.0
In 1.0.0 Mergo moves to a vanity URL `dario.cat/mergo`.
0.3.9
Please keep in mind that a problematic PR broke 0.3.9. We reverted it in 0.3.10. We consider 0.3.10 as stable but not bug-free. . Also, this version adds suppot for go modules.
Keep in mind that in 0.3.2, Mergo changed Merge() and Map() signatures to support transformers. We added an optional/variadic argument so that it won't break the existing code.
If you were using Mergo before April 6th, 2015, please check your project works as intended after updating your local copy with go get -u dario.cat/mergo. I apologize for any issue caused by its previous behavior and any future bug that Mergo could cause in existing projects after the change (release 0.2.0).
# Install
Do your usual installation procedure:
go get dario.cat/mergo
// use in your .go code
import (
"dario.cat/mergo"
)
# Usage
You can only merge same-type structs with exported fields initialized as zero value of their type and same-types maps. Mergo won't merge unexported (private) fields but will do recursively any exported one. It won't merge empty structs value as they are zero values too. Also, maps will be merged recursively except for structs inside maps (because they are not addressable using Go reflection).
if err := mergo.Merge(&dst, src); err != nil {
// ...
}
Also, you can merge overwriting values using the transformer WithOverride.
if err := mergo.Merge(&dst, src, mergo.WithOverride); err != nil {
// ...
}
Additionally, you can map a map[string]interface{} to a struct (and otherwise, from struct to map), following the same restrictions as in Merge(). Keys are capitalized to find each corresponding exported field.
if err := mergo.Map(&dst, srcMap); err != nil {
// ...
}
Warning: if you map a struct to map, it won't do it recursively. Don't expect Mergo to map struct members of your struct as map[string]interface{}. They will be just assigned as values.
Here is a nice example:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"dario.cat/mergo"
)
type Foo struct {
A string
B int64
}
func main() {
src := Foo{
A: "one",
B: 2,
}
dest := Foo{
A: "two",
}
mergo.Merge(&dest, src)
fmt.Println(dest)
// Will print
// {two 2}
}
# Transformers
Transformers allow to merge specific types differently than in the default behavior. In other words, now you can customize how some types are merged. For example, time.Time is a struct; it doesn't have zero value but IsZero can return true because it has fields with zero value. How can we merge a non-zero time.Time?
package main
import (
"fmt"
"dario.cat/mergo"
"reflect"
"time"
)
type timeTransformer struct {
}
func (t timeTransformer) Transformer(typ reflect.Type) func(dst, src reflect.Value) error {
if typ == reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}) {
return func(dst, src reflect.Value) error {
if dst.CanSet() {
isZero := dst.MethodByName("IsZero")
result := isZero.Call([]reflect.Value{})
if result[0].Bool() {
dst.Set(src)
}
}
return nil
}
}
return nil
}
type Snapshot struct {
Time time.Time
// ...
}
func main() {
src := Snapshot{time.Now()}
dest := Snapshot{}
mergo.Merge(&dest, src, mergo.WithTransformers(timeTransformer{}))
fmt.Println(dest)
// Will print
// { 2018-01-12 01:15:00 +0000 UTC m=+0.000000001 }
}
# Contact me
If I can help you, you have an idea or you are using Mergo in your projects, don't hesitate to drop me a line (or a pull request): https://twitter.com/im_dario
# About
Written by Dario Castañé: https://da.rio.hn
# License
BSD 3-Clause license, as Go language.
*/
package mergo
// Copyright 2014 Dario Castañé. All rights reserved.
// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Based on src/pkg/reflect/deepequal.go from official
// golang's stdlib.
package mergo
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
"unicode"
"unicode/utf8"
)
func changeInitialCase(s string, mapper func(rune) rune) string {
if s == "" {
return s
}
r, n := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s)
return string(mapper(r)) + s[n:]
}
func isExported(field reflect.StructField) bool {
r, _ := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(field.Name)
return r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z'
}
// Traverses recursively both values, assigning src's fields values to dst.
// The map argument tracks comparisons that have already been seen, which allows
// short circuiting on recursive types.
func deepMap(dst, src reflect.Value, visited map[uintptr]*visit, depth int, config *Config) (err error) {
overwrite := config.Overwrite
if dst.CanAddr() {
addr := dst.UnsafeAddr()
h := 17 * addr
seen := visited[h]
typ := dst.Type()
for p := seen; p != nil; p = p.next {
if p.ptr == addr && p.typ == typ {
return nil
}
}
// Remember, remember...
visited[h] = &visit{typ, seen, addr}
}
zeroValue := reflect.Value{}
switch dst.Kind() {
case reflect.Map:
dstMap := dst.Interface().(map[string]interface{})
for i, n := 0, src.NumField(); i < n; i++ {
srcType := src.Type()
field := srcType.Field(i)
if !isExported(field) {
continue
}
fieldName := field.Name
fieldName = changeInitialCase(fieldName, unicode.ToLower)
if v, ok := dstMap[fieldName]; !ok || (isEmptyValue(reflect.ValueOf(v), !config.ShouldNotDereference) || overwrite) {
dstMap[fieldName] = src.Field(i).Interface()
}
}
case reflect.Ptr:
if dst.IsNil() {
v := reflect.New(dst.Type().Elem())
dst.Set(v)
}
dst = dst.Elem()
fallthrough
case reflect.Struct:
srcMap := src.Interface().(map[string]interface{})
for key := range srcMap {
config.overwriteWithEmptyValue = true
srcValue := srcMap[key]
fieldName := changeInitialCase(key, unicode.ToUpper)
dstElement := dst.FieldByName(fieldName)
if dstElement == zeroValue {
// We discard it because the field doesn't exist.
continue
}
srcElement := reflect.ValueOf(srcValue)
dstKind := dstElement.Kind()
srcKind := srcElement.Kind()
if srcKind == reflect.Ptr && dstKind != reflect.Ptr {
srcElement = srcElement.Elem()
srcKind = reflect.TypeOf(srcElement.Interface()).Kind()
} else if dstKind == reflect.Ptr {
// Can this work? I guess it can't.
if srcKind != reflect.Ptr && srcElement.CanAddr() {
srcPtr := srcElement.Addr()
srcElement = reflect.ValueOf(srcPtr)
srcKind = reflect.Ptr
}
}
if !srcElement.IsValid() {
continue
}
if srcKind == dstKind {
if err = deepMerge(dstElement, srcElement, visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
} else if dstKind == reflect.Interface && dstElement.Kind() == reflect.Interface {
if err = deepMerge(dstElement, srcElement, visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
} else if srcKind == reflect.Map {
if err = deepMap(dstElement, srcElement, visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
} else {
return fmt.Errorf("type mismatch on %s field: found %v, expected %v", fieldName, srcKind, dstKind)
}
}
}
return
}
// Map sets fields' values in dst from src.
// src can be a map with string keys or a struct. dst must be the opposite:
// if src is a map, dst must be a valid pointer to struct. If src is a struct,
// dst must be map[string]interface{}.
// It won't merge unexported (private) fields and will do recursively
// any exported field.
// If dst is a map, keys will be src fields' names in lower camel case.
// Missing key in src that doesn't match a field in dst will be skipped. This
// doesn't apply if dst is a map.
// This is separated method from Merge because it is cleaner and it keeps sane
// semantics: merging equal types, mapping different (restricted) types.
func Map(dst, src interface{}, opts ...func(*Config)) error {
return _map(dst, src, opts...)
}
// MapWithOverwrite will do the same as Map except that non-empty dst attributes will be overridden by
// non-empty src attribute values.
// Deprecated: Use Map(…) with WithOverride
func MapWithOverwrite(dst, src interface{}, opts ...func(*Config)) error {
return _map(dst, src, append(opts, WithOverride)...)
}
func _map(dst, src interface{}, opts ...func(*Config)) error {
if dst != nil && reflect.ValueOf(dst).Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
return ErrNonPointerArgument
}
var (
vDst, vSrc reflect.Value
err error
)
config := &Config{}
for _, opt := range opts {
opt(config)
}
if vDst, vSrc, err = resolveValues(dst, src); err != nil {
return err
}
// To be friction-less, we redirect equal-type arguments
// to deepMerge. Only because arguments can be anything.
if vSrc.Kind() == vDst.Kind() {
return deepMerge(vDst, vSrc, make(map[uintptr]*visit), 0, config)
}
switch vSrc.Kind() {
case reflect.Struct:
if vDst.Kind() != reflect.Map {
return ErrExpectedMapAsDestination
}
case reflect.Map:
if vDst.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
return ErrExpectedStructAsDestination
}
default:
return ErrNotSupported
}
return deepMap(vDst, vSrc, make(map[uintptr]*visit), 0, config)
}
// Copyright 2013 Dario Castañé. All rights reserved.
// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Based on src/pkg/reflect/deepequal.go from official
// golang's stdlib.
package mergo
import (
"fmt"
"reflect"
)
func hasMergeableFields(dst reflect.Value) (exported bool) {
for i, n := 0, dst.NumField(); i < n; i++ {
field := dst.Type().Field(i)
if field.Anonymous && dst.Field(i).Kind() == reflect.Struct {
exported = exported || hasMergeableFields(dst.Field(i))
} else if isExportedComponent(&field) {
exported = exported || len(field.PkgPath) == 0
}
}
return
}
func isExportedComponent(field *reflect.StructField) bool {
pkgPath := field.PkgPath
if len(pkgPath) > 0 {
return false
}
c := field.Name[0]
if 'a' <= c && c <= 'z' || c == '_' {
return false
}
return true
}
type Config struct {
Transformers Transformers
Overwrite bool
ShouldNotDereference bool
AppendSlice bool
TypeCheck bool
overwriteWithEmptyValue bool
overwriteSliceWithEmptyValue bool
sliceDeepCopy bool
debug bool
}
type Transformers interface {
Transformer(reflect.Type) func(dst, src reflect.Value) error
}
// Traverses recursively both values, assigning src's fields values to dst.
// The map argument tracks comparisons that have already been seen, which allows
// short circuiting on recursive types.
func deepMerge(dst, src reflect.Value, visited map[uintptr]*visit, depth int, config *Config) (err error) {
overwrite := config.Overwrite
typeCheck := config.TypeCheck
overwriteWithEmptySrc := config.overwriteWithEmptyValue
overwriteSliceWithEmptySrc := config.overwriteSliceWithEmptyValue
sliceDeepCopy := config.sliceDeepCopy
if !src.IsValid() {
return
}
if dst.CanAddr() {
addr := dst.UnsafeAddr()
h := 17 * addr
seen := visited[h]
typ := dst.Type()
for p := seen; p != nil; p = p.next {
if p.ptr == addr && p.typ == typ {
return nil
}
}
// Remember, remember...
visited[h] = &visit{typ, seen, addr}
}
if config.Transformers != nil && !isReflectNil(dst) && dst.IsValid() {
if fn := config.Transformers.Transformer(dst.Type()); fn != nil {
err = fn(dst, src)
return
}
}
switch dst.Kind() {
case reflect.Struct:
if hasMergeableFields(dst) {
for i, n := 0, dst.NumField(); i < n; i++ {
if err = deepMerge(dst.Field(i), src.Field(i), visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
}
} else {
if dst.CanSet() && (isReflectNil(dst) || overwrite) && (!isEmptyValue(src, !config.ShouldNotDereference) || overwriteWithEmptySrc) {
dst.Set(src)
}
}
case reflect.Map:
if dst.IsNil() && !src.IsNil() {
if dst.CanSet() {
dst.Set(reflect.MakeMap(dst.Type()))
} else {
dst = src
return
}
}
if src.Kind() != reflect.Map {
if overwrite && dst.CanSet() {
dst.Set(src)
}
return
}
for _, key := range src.MapKeys() {
srcElement := src.MapIndex(key)
if !srcElement.IsValid() {
continue
}
dstElement := dst.MapIndex(key)
switch srcElement.Kind() {
case reflect.Chan, reflect.Func, reflect.Map, reflect.Interface, reflect.Slice:
if srcElement.IsNil() {
if overwrite {
dst.SetMapIndex(key, srcElement)
}
continue
}
fallthrough
default:
if !srcElement.CanInterface() {
continue
}
switch reflect.TypeOf(srcElement.Interface()).Kind() {
case reflect.Struct:
fallthrough
case reflect.Ptr:
fallthrough
case reflect.Map:
srcMapElm := srcElement
dstMapElm := dstElement
if srcMapElm.CanInterface() {
srcMapElm = reflect.ValueOf(srcMapElm.Interface())
if dstMapElm.IsValid() {
dstMapElm = reflect.ValueOf(dstMapElm.Interface())
}
}
if err = deepMerge(dstMapElm, srcMapElm, visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
case reflect.Slice:
srcSlice := reflect.ValueOf(srcElement.Interface())
var dstSlice reflect.Value
if !dstElement.IsValid() || dstElement.IsNil() {
dstSlice = reflect.MakeSlice(srcSlice.Type(), 0, srcSlice.Len())
} else {
dstSlice = reflect.ValueOf(dstElement.Interface())
}
if (!isEmptyValue(src, !config.ShouldNotDereference) || overwriteWithEmptySrc || overwriteSliceWithEmptySrc) && (overwrite || isEmptyValue(dst, !config.ShouldNotDereference)) && !config.AppendSlice && !sliceDeepCopy {
if typeCheck && srcSlice.Type() != dstSlice.Type() {
return fmt.Errorf("cannot override two slices with different type (%s, %s)", srcSlice.Type(), dstSlice.Type())
}
dstSlice = srcSlice
} else if config.AppendSlice {
if srcSlice.Type() != dstSlice.Type() {
return fmt.Errorf("cannot append two slices with different type (%s, %s)", srcSlice.Type(), dstSlice.Type())
}
dstSlice = reflect.AppendSlice(dstSlice, srcSlice)
} else if sliceDeepCopy {
i := 0
for ; i < srcSlice.Len() && i < dstSlice.Len(); i++ {
srcElement := srcSlice.Index(i)
dstElement := dstSlice.Index(i)
if srcElement.CanInterface() {
srcElement = reflect.ValueOf(srcElement.Interface())
}
if dstElement.CanInterface() {
dstElement = reflect.ValueOf(dstElement.Interface())
}
if err = deepMerge(dstElement, srcElement, visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
}
}
dst.SetMapIndex(key, dstSlice)
}
}
if dstElement.IsValid() && !isEmptyValue(dstElement, !config.ShouldNotDereference) {
if reflect.TypeOf(srcElement.Interface()).Kind() == reflect.Slice {
continue
}
if reflect.TypeOf(srcElement.Interface()).Kind() == reflect.Map && reflect.TypeOf(dstElement.Interface()).Kind() == reflect.Map {
continue
}
}
if srcElement.IsValid() && ((srcElement.Kind() != reflect.Ptr && overwrite) || !dstElement.IsValid() || isEmptyValue(dstElement, !config.ShouldNotDereference)) {
if dst.IsNil() {
dst.Set(reflect.MakeMap(dst.Type()))
}
dst.SetMapIndex(key, srcElement)
}
}
// Ensure that all keys in dst are deleted if they are not in src.
if overwriteWithEmptySrc {
for _, key := range dst.MapKeys() {
srcElement := src.MapIndex(key)
if !srcElement.IsValid() {
dst.SetMapIndex(key, reflect.Value{})
}
}
}
case reflect.Slice:
if !dst.CanSet() {
break
}
if (!isEmptyValue(src, !config.ShouldNotDereference) || overwriteWithEmptySrc || overwriteSliceWithEmptySrc) && (overwrite || isEmptyValue(dst, !config.ShouldNotDereference)) && !config.AppendSlice && !sliceDeepCopy {
dst.Set(src)
} else if config.AppendSlice {
if src.Type() != dst.Type() {
return fmt.Errorf("cannot append two slice with different type (%s, %s)", src.Type(), dst.Type())
}
dst.Set(reflect.AppendSlice(dst, src))
} else if sliceDeepCopy {
for i := 0; i < src.Len() && i < dst.Len(); i++ {
srcElement := src.Index(i)
dstElement := dst.Index(i)
if srcElement.CanInterface() {
srcElement = reflect.ValueOf(srcElement.Interface())
}
if dstElement.CanInterface() {
dstElement = reflect.ValueOf(dstElement.Interface())
}
if err = deepMerge(dstElement, srcElement, visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
}
}
case reflect.Ptr:
fallthrough
case reflect.Interface:
if isReflectNil(src) {
if overwriteWithEmptySrc && dst.CanSet() && src.Type().AssignableTo(dst.Type()) {
dst.Set(src)
}
break
}
if src.Kind() != reflect.Interface {
if dst.IsNil() || (src.Kind() != reflect.Ptr && overwrite) {
if dst.CanSet() && (overwrite || isEmptyValue(dst, !config.ShouldNotDereference)) {
dst.Set(src)
}
} else if src.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
if !config.ShouldNotDereference {
if err = deepMerge(dst.Elem(), src.Elem(), visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
} else {
if overwriteWithEmptySrc || (overwrite && !src.IsNil()) || dst.IsNil() {
dst.Set(src)
}
}
} else if dst.Elem().Type() == src.Type() {
if err = deepMerge(dst.Elem(), src, visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
} else {
return ErrDifferentArgumentsTypes
}
break
}
if dst.IsNil() || overwrite {
if dst.CanSet() && (overwrite || isEmptyValue(dst, !config.ShouldNotDereference)) {
dst.Set(src)
}
break
}
if dst.Elem().Kind() == src.Elem().Kind() {
if err = deepMerge(dst.Elem(), src.Elem(), visited, depth+1, config); err != nil {
return
}
break
}
default:
mustSet := (isEmptyValue(dst, !config.ShouldNotDereference) || overwrite) && (!isEmptyValue(src, !config.ShouldNotDereference) || overwriteWithEmptySrc)
if mustSet {
if dst.CanSet() {
dst.Set(src)
} else {
dst = src
}
}
}
return
}
// Merge will fill any empty for value type attributes on the dst struct using corresponding
// src attributes if they themselves are not empty. dst and src must be valid same-type structs
// and dst must be a pointer to struct.
// It won't merge unexported (private) fields and will do recursively any exported field.
func Merge(dst, src interface{}, opts ...func(*Config)) error {
return merge(dst, src, opts...)
}
// MergeWithOverwrite will do the same as Merge except that non-empty dst attributes will be overridden by
// non-empty src attribute values.
// Deprecated: use Merge(…) with WithOverride
func MergeWithOverwrite(dst, src interface{}, opts ...func(*Config)) error {
return merge(dst, src, append(opts, WithOverride)...)
}
// WithTransformers adds transformers to merge, allowing to customize the merging of some types.
func WithTransformers(transformers Transformers) func(*Config) {
return func(config *Config) {
config.Transformers = transformers
}
}
// WithOverride will make merge override non-empty dst attributes with non-empty src attributes values.
func WithOverride(config *Config) {
config.Overwrite = true
}
// WithOverwriteWithEmptyValue will make merge override non empty dst attributes with empty src attributes values.
func WithOverwriteWithEmptyValue(config *Config) {
config.Overwrite = true
config.overwriteWithEmptyValue = true
}
// WithOverrideEmptySlice will make merge override empty dst slice with empty src slice.
func WithOverrideEmptySlice(config *Config) {
config.overwriteSliceWithEmptyValue = true
}
// WithoutDereference prevents dereferencing pointers when evaluating whether they are empty
// (i.e. a non-nil pointer is never considered empty).
func WithoutDereference(config *Config) {
config.ShouldNotDereference = true
}
// WithAppendSlice will make merge append slices instead of overwriting it.
func WithAppendSlice(config *Config) {
config.AppendSlice = true
}
// WithTypeCheck will make merge check types while overwriting it (must be used with WithOverride).
func WithTypeCheck(config *Config) {
config.TypeCheck = true
}
// WithSliceDeepCopy will merge slice element one by one with Overwrite flag.
func WithSliceDeepCopy(config *Config) {
config.sliceDeepCopy = true
config.Overwrite = true
}
func merge(dst, src interface{}, opts ...func(*Config)) error {
if dst != nil && reflect.ValueOf(dst).Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
return ErrNonPointerArgument
}
var (
vDst, vSrc reflect.Value
err error
)
config := &Config{}
for _, opt := range opts {
opt(config)
}
if vDst, vSrc, err = resolveValues(dst, src); err != nil {
return err
}
if vDst.Type() != vSrc.Type() {
return ErrDifferentArgumentsTypes
}
return deepMerge(vDst, vSrc, make(map[uintptr]*visit), 0, config)
}
// IsReflectNil is the reflect value provided nil
func isReflectNil(v reflect.Value) bool {
k := v.Kind()
switch k {
case reflect.Interface, reflect.Slice, reflect.Chan, reflect.Func, reflect.Map, reflect.Ptr:
// Both interface and slice are nil if first word is 0.
// Both are always bigger than a word; assume flagIndir.
return v.IsNil()
default:
return false
}
}
// Copyright 2013 Dario Castañé. All rights reserved.
// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Based on src/pkg/reflect/deepequal.go from official
// golang's stdlib.
package mergo
import (
"errors"
"reflect"
)
// Errors reported by Mergo when it finds invalid arguments.
var (
ErrNilArguments = errors.New("src and dst must not be nil")
ErrDifferentArgumentsTypes = errors.New("src and dst must be of same type")
ErrNotSupported = errors.New("only structs, maps, and slices are supported")
ErrExpectedMapAsDestination = errors.New("dst was expected to be a map")
ErrExpectedStructAsDestination = errors.New("dst was expected to be a struct")
ErrNonPointerArgument = errors.New("dst must be a pointer")
)
// During deepMerge, must keep track of checks that are
// in progress. The comparison algorithm assumes that all
// checks in progress are true when it reencounters them.
// Visited are stored in a map indexed by 17 * a1 + a2;
type visit struct {
typ reflect.Type
next *visit
ptr uintptr
}
// From src/pkg/encoding/json/encode.go.
func isEmptyValue(v reflect.Value, shouldDereference bool) bool {
switch v.Kind() {
case reflect.Array, reflect.Map, reflect.Slice, reflect.String:
return v.Len() == 0
case reflect.Bool:
return !v.Bool()
case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
return v.Int() == 0
case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uintptr:
return v.Uint() == 0
case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
return v.Float() == 0
case reflect.Interface, reflect.Ptr:
if v.IsNil() {
return true
}
if shouldDereference {
return isEmptyValue(v.Elem(), shouldDereference)
}
return false
case reflect.Func:
return v.IsNil()
case reflect.Invalid:
return true
}
return false
}
func resolveValues(dst, src interface{}) (vDst, vSrc reflect.Value, err error) {
if dst == nil || src == nil {
err = ErrNilArguments
return
}
vDst = reflect.ValueOf(dst).Elem()
if vDst.Kind() != reflect.Struct && vDst.Kind() != reflect.Map && vDst.Kind() != reflect.Slice {
err = ErrNotSupported
return
}
vSrc = reflect.ValueOf(src)
// We check if vSrc is a pointer to dereference it.
if vSrc.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
vSrc = vSrc.Elem()
}
return
}
language: go
go:
- 1.6.x
- 1.7.x
- 1.8.x
- 1.9.x
- 1.10.x
- 1.11.x
- 1.12.x
- tip
# Setting sudo access to false will let Travis CI use containers rather than
# VMs to run the tests. For more details see:
# - http://docs.travis-ci.com/user/workers/container-based-infrastructure/
# - http://docs.travis-ci.com/user/workers/standard-infrastructure/
sudo: false
script:
- make setup
- make test
notifications:
webhooks:
urls:
- https://webhooks.gitter.im/e/06e3328629952dabe3e0
on_success: change # options: [always|never|change] default: always
on_failure: always # options: [always|never|change] default: always
on_start: never # options: [always|never|change] default: always
# 1.5.0 (2019-09-11)
## Added
- #103: Add basic fuzzing for `NewVersion()` (thanks @jesse-c)
## Changed
- #82: Clarify wildcard meaning in range constraints and update tests for it (thanks @greysteil)
- #83: Clarify caret operator range for pre-1.0.0 dependencies (thanks @greysteil)
- #72: Adding docs comment pointing to vert for a cli
- #71: Update the docs on pre-release comparator handling
- #89: Test with new go versions (thanks @thedevsaddam)
- #87: Added $ to ValidPrerelease for better validation (thanks @jeremycarroll)
## Fixed
- #78: Fix unchecked error in example code (thanks @ravron)
- #70: Fix the handling of pre-releases and the 0.0.0 release edge case
- #97: Fixed copyright file for proper display on GitHub
- #107: Fix handling prerelease when sorting alphanum and num
- #109: Fixed where Validate sometimes returns wrong message on error
# 1.4.2 (2018-04-10)
## Changed
- #72: Updated the docs to point to vert for a console appliaction
- #71: Update the docs on pre-release comparator handling
## Fixed
- #70: Fix the handling of pre-releases and the 0.0.0 release edge case
# 1.4.1 (2018-04-02)
## Fixed
- Fixed #64: Fix pre-release precedence issue (thanks @uudashr)
# 1.4.0 (2017-10-04)
## Changed
- #61: Update NewVersion to parse ints with a 64bit int size (thanks @zknill)
# 1.3.1 (2017-07-10)
## Fixed
- Fixed #57: number comparisons in prerelease sometimes inaccurate
# 1.3.0 (2017-05-02)
## Added
- #45: Added json (un)marshaling support (thanks @mh-cbon)
- Stability marker. See https://masterminds.github.io/stability/
## Fixed
- #51: Fix handling of single digit tilde constraint (thanks @dgodd)
## Changed
- #55: The godoc icon moved from png to svg
# 1.2.3 (2017-04-03)
## Fixed
- #46: Fixed 0.x.x and 0.0.x in constraints being treated as *
# Release 1.2.2 (2016-12-13)
## Fixed
- #34: Fixed issue where hyphen range was not working with pre-release parsing.
# Release 1.2.1 (2016-11-28)
## Fixed
- #24: Fixed edge case issue where constraint "> 0" does not handle "0.0.1-alpha"
properly.
# Release 1.2.0 (2016-11-04)
## Added
- #20: Added MustParse function for versions (thanks @adamreese)
- #15: Added increment methods on versions (thanks @mh-cbon)
## Fixed
- Issue #21: Per the SemVer spec (section 9) a pre-release is unstable and
might not satisfy the intended compatibility. The change here ignores pre-releases
on constraint checks (e.g., ~ or ^) when a pre-release is not part of the
constraint. For example, `^1.2.3` will ignore pre-releases while
`^1.2.3-alpha` will include them.
# Release 1.1.1 (2016-06-30)
## Changed
- Issue #9: Speed up version comparison performance (thanks @sdboyer)
- Issue #8: Added benchmarks (thanks @sdboyer)
- Updated Go Report Card URL to new location
- Updated Readme to add code snippet formatting (thanks @mh-cbon)
- Updating tagging to v[SemVer] structure for compatibility with other tools.
# Release 1.1.0 (2016-03-11)
- Issue #2: Implemented validation to provide reasons a versions failed a
constraint.
# Release 1.0.1 (2015-12-31)
- Fixed #1: * constraint failing on valid versions.
# Release 1.0.0 (2015-10-20)
- Initial release
Copyright (C) 2014-2019, Matt Butcher and Matt Farina
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
.PHONY: setup
setup:
go get -u gopkg.in/alecthomas/gometalinter.v1
gometalinter.v1 --install
.PHONY: test
test: validate lint
@echo "==> Running tests"
go test -v
.PHONY: validate
validate:
@echo "==> Running static validations"
@gometalinter.v1 \
--disable-all \
--enable deadcode \
--severity deadcode:error \
--enable gofmt \
--enable gosimple \
--enable ineffassign \
--enable misspell \
--enable vet \
--tests \
--vendor \
--deadline 60s \
./... || exit_code=1
.PHONY: lint
lint:
@echo "==> Running linters"
@gometalinter.v1 \
--disable-all \
--enable golint \
--vendor \
--deadline 60s \
./... || :
# SemVer
The `semver` package provides the ability to work with [Semantic Versions](http://semver.org) in Go. Specifically it provides the ability to:
* Parse semantic versions
* Sort semantic versions
* Check if a semantic version fits within a set of constraints
* Optionally work with a `v` prefix
[![Stability:
Active](https://masterminds.github.io/stability/active.svg)](https://masterminds.github.io/stability/active.html)
[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/Masterminds/semver.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/Masterminds/semver) [![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/jfk66lib7hb985k8/branch/master?svg=true&passingText=windows%20build%20passing&failingText=windows%20build%20failing)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/mattfarina/semver/branch/master) [![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/Masterminds/semver?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/Masterminds/semver) [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/Masterminds/semver)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/Masterminds/semver)
If you are looking for a command line tool for version comparisons please see
[vert](https://github.com/Masterminds/vert) which uses this library.
## Parsing Semantic Versions
To parse a semantic version use the `NewVersion` function. For example,
```go
v, err := semver.NewVersion("1.2.3-beta.1+build345")
```
If there is an error the version wasn't parseable. The version object has methods
to get the parts of the version, compare it to other versions, convert the
version back into a string, and get the original string. For more details
please see the [documentation](https://godoc.org/github.com/Masterminds/semver).
## Sorting Semantic Versions
A set of versions can be sorted using the [`sort`](https://golang.org/pkg/sort/)
package from the standard library. For example,
```go
raw := []string{"1.2.3", "1.0", "1.3", "2", "0.4.2",}
vs := make([]*semver.Version, len(raw))
for i, r := range raw {
v, err := semver.NewVersion(r)
if err != nil {
t.Errorf("Error parsing version: %s", err)
}
vs[i] = v
}
sort.Sort(semver.Collection(vs))
```
## Checking Version Constraints
Checking a version against version constraints is one of the most featureful
parts of the package.
```go
c, err := semver.NewConstraint(">= 1.2.3")
if err != nil {
// Handle constraint not being parseable.
}
v, _ := semver.NewVersion("1.3")
if err != nil {
// Handle version not being parseable.
}
// Check if the version meets the constraints. The a variable will be true.
a := c.Check(v)
```
## Basic Comparisons
There are two elements to the comparisons. First, a comparison string is a list
of comma separated and comparisons. These are then separated by || separated or
comparisons. For example, `">= 1.2, < 3.0.0 || >= 4.2.3"` is looking for a
comparison that's greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than 3.0.0 or is
greater than or equal to 4.2.3.
The basic comparisons are:
* `=`: equal (aliased to no operator)
* `!=`: not equal
* `>`: greater than
* `<`: less than
* `>=`: greater than or equal to
* `<=`: less than or equal to
## Working With Pre-release Versions
Pre-releases, for those not familiar with them, are used for software releases
prior to stable or generally available releases. Examples of pre-releases include
development, alpha, beta, and release candidate releases. A pre-release may be
a version such as `1.2.3-beta.1` while the stable release would be `1.2.3`. In the
order of precidence, pre-releases come before their associated releases. In this
example `1.2.3-beta.1 < 1.2.3`.
According to the Semantic Version specification pre-releases may not be
API compliant with their release counterpart. It says,
> A pre-release version indicates that the version is unstable and might not satisfy the intended compatibility requirements as denoted by its associated normal version.
SemVer comparisons without a pre-release comparator will skip pre-release versions.
For example, `>=1.2.3` will skip pre-releases when looking at a list of releases
while `>=1.2.3-0` will evaluate and find pre-releases.
The reason for the `0` as a pre-release version in the example comparison is
because pre-releases can only contain ASCII alphanumerics and hyphens (along with
`.` separators), per the spec. Sorting happens in ASCII sort order, again per the spec. The lowest character is a `0` in ASCII sort order (see an [ASCII Table](http://www.asciitable.com/))
Understanding ASCII sort ordering is important because A-Z comes before a-z. That
means `>=1.2.3-BETA` will return `1.2.3-alpha`. What you might expect from case
sensitivity doesn't apply here. This is due to ASCII sort ordering which is what
the spec specifies.
## Hyphen Range Comparisons
There are multiple methods to handle ranges and the first is hyphens ranges.
These look like:
* `1.2 - 1.4.5` which is equivalent to `>= 1.2, <= 1.4.5`
* `2.3.4 - 4.5` which is equivalent to `>= 2.3.4, <= 4.5`
## Wildcards In Comparisons
The `x`, `X`, and `*` characters can be used as a wildcard character. This works
for all comparison operators. When used on the `=` operator it falls
back to the pack level comparison (see tilde below). For example,
* `1.2.x` is equivalent to `>= 1.2.0, < 1.3.0`
* `>= 1.2.x` is equivalent to `>= 1.2.0`
* `<= 2.x` is equivalent to `< 3`
* `*` is equivalent to `>= 0.0.0`
## Tilde Range Comparisons (Patch)
The tilde (`~`) comparison operator is for patch level ranges when a minor
version is specified and major level changes when the minor number is missing.
For example,
* `~1.2.3` is equivalent to `>= 1.2.3, < 1.3.0`
* `~1` is equivalent to `>= 1, < 2`
* `~2.3` is equivalent to `>= 2.3, < 2.4`
* `~1.2.x` is equivalent to `>= 1.2.0, < 1.3.0`
* `~1.x` is equivalent to `>= 1, < 2`
## Caret Range Comparisons (Major)
The caret (`^`) comparison operator is for major level changes. This is useful
when comparisons of API versions as a major change is API breaking. For example,
* `^1.2.3` is equivalent to `>= 1.2.3, < 2.0.0`
* `^0.0.1` is equivalent to `>= 0.0.1, < 1.0.0`
* `^1.2.x` is equivalent to `>= 1.2.0, < 2.0.0`
* `^2.3` is equivalent to `>= 2.3, < 3`
* `^2.x` is equivalent to `>= 2.0.0, < 3`
# Validation
In addition to testing a version against a constraint, a version can be validated
against a constraint. When validation fails a slice of errors containing why a
version didn't meet the constraint is returned. For example,
```go
c, err := semver.NewConstraint("<= 1.2.3, >= 1.4")
if err != nil {
// Handle constraint not being parseable.
}
v, _ := semver.NewVersion("1.3")
if err != nil {
// Handle version not being parseable.
}
// Validate a version against a constraint.
a, msgs := c.Validate(v)
// a is false
for _, m := range msgs {
fmt.Println(m)
// Loops over the errors which would read
// "1.3 is greater than 1.2.3"
// "1.3 is less than 1.4"
}
```
# Fuzzing
[dvyukov/go-fuzz](https://github.com/dvyukov/go-fuzz) is used for fuzzing.
1. `go-fuzz-build`
2. `go-fuzz -workdir=fuzz`
# Contribute
If you find an issue or want to contribute please file an [issue](https://github.com/Masterminds/semver/issues)
or [create a pull request](https://github.com/Masterminds/semver/pulls).
version: build-{build}.{branch}
clone_folder: C:\gopath\src\github.com\Masterminds\semver
shallow_clone: true
environment:
GOPATH: C:\gopath
platform:
- x64
install:
- go version
- go env
- go get -u gopkg.in/alecthomas/gometalinter.v1
- set PATH=%PATH%;%GOPATH%\bin
- gometalinter.v1.exe --install
build_script:
- go install -v ./...
test_script:
- "gometalinter.v1 \
--disable-all \
--enable deadcode \
--severity deadcode:error \
--enable gofmt \
--enable gosimple \
--enable ineffassign \
--enable misspell \
--enable vet \
--tests \
--vendor \
--deadline 60s \
./... || exit_code=1"
- "gometalinter.v1 \
--disable-all \
--enable golint \
--vendor \
--deadline 60s \
./... || :"
- go test -v
deploy: off
package semver
// Collection is a collection of Version instances and implements the sort
// interface. See the sort package for more details.
// https://golang.org/pkg/sort/
type Collection []*Version
// Len returns the length of a collection. The number of Version instances
// on the slice.
func (c Collection) Len() int {
return len(c)
}
// Less is needed for the sort interface to compare two Version objects on the
// slice. If checks if one is less than the other.
func (c Collection) Less(i, j int) bool {
return c[i].LessThan(c[j])
}
// Swap is needed for the sort interface to replace the Version objects
// at two different positions in the slice.
func (c Collection) Swap(i, j int) {
c[i], c[j] = c[j], c[i]
}
package semver
import (
"errors"
"fmt"
"regexp"
"strings"
)
// Constraints is one or more constraint that a semantic version can be
// checked against.
type Constraints struct {
constraints [][]*constraint
}
// NewConstraint returns a Constraints instance that a Version instance can
// be checked against. If there is a parse error it will be returned.
func NewConstraint(c string) (*Constraints, error) {
// Rewrite - ranges into a comparison operation.
c = rewriteRange(c)
ors := strings.Split(c, "||")
or := make([][]*constraint, len(ors))
for k, v := range ors {
cs := strings.Split(v, ",")
result := make([]*constraint, len(cs))
for i, s := range cs {
pc, err := parseConstraint(s)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
result[i] = pc
}
or[k] = result
}
o := &Constraints{constraints: or}
return o, nil
}
// Check tests if a version satisfies the constraints.
func (cs Constraints) Check(v *Version) bool {
// loop over the ORs and check the inner ANDs
for _, o := range cs.constraints {
joy := true
for _, c := range o {
if !c.check(v) {
joy = false
break
}
}
if joy {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// Validate checks if a version satisfies a constraint. If not a slice of
// reasons for the failure are returned in addition to a bool.
func (cs Constraints) Validate(v *Version) (bool, []error) {
// loop over the ORs and check the inner ANDs
var e []error
// Capture the prerelease message only once. When it happens the first time
// this var is marked
var prerelesase bool
for _, o := range cs.constraints {
joy := true
for _, c := range o {
// Before running the check handle the case there the version is
// a prerelease and the check is not searching for prereleases.
if c.con.pre == "" && v.pre != "" {
if !prerelesase {
em := fmt.Errorf("%s is a prerelease version and the constraint is only looking for release versions", v)
e = append(e, em)
prerelesase = true
}
joy = false
} else {
if !c.check(v) {
em := fmt.Errorf(c.msg, v, c.orig)
e = append(e, em)
joy = false
}
}
}
if joy {
return true, []error{}
}
}
return false, e
}
var constraintOps map[string]cfunc
var constraintMsg map[string]string
var constraintRegex *regexp.Regexp
func init() {
constraintOps = map[string]cfunc{
"": constraintTildeOrEqual,
"=": constraintTildeOrEqual,
"!=": constraintNotEqual,
">": constraintGreaterThan,
"<": constraintLessThan,
">=": constraintGreaterThanEqual,
"=>": constraintGreaterThanEqual,
"<=": constraintLessThanEqual,
"=<": constraintLessThanEqual,
"~": constraintTilde,
"~>": constraintTilde,
"^": constraintCaret,
}
constraintMsg = map[string]string{
"": "%s is not equal to %s",
"=": "%s is not equal to %s",
"!=": "%s is equal to %s",
">": "%s is less than or equal to %s",
"<": "%s is greater than or equal to %s",
">=": "%s is less than %s",
"=>": "%s is less than %s",
"<=": "%s is greater than %s",
"=<": "%s is greater than %s",
"~": "%s does not have same major and minor version as %s",
"~>": "%s does not have same major and minor version as %s",
"^": "%s does not have same major version as %s",
}
ops := make([]string, 0, len(constraintOps))
for k := range constraintOps {
ops = append(ops, regexp.QuoteMeta(k))
}
constraintRegex = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(
`^\s*(%s)\s*(%s)\s*$`,
strings.Join(ops, "|"),
cvRegex))
constraintRangeRegex = regexp.MustCompile(fmt.Sprintf(
`\s*(%s)\s+-\s+(%s)\s*`,
cvRegex, cvRegex))
}
// An individual constraint
type constraint struct {
// The callback function for the restraint. It performs the logic for
// the constraint.
function cfunc
msg string
// The version used in the constraint check. For example, if a constraint
// is '<= 2.0.0' the con a version instance representing 2.0.0.
con *Version
// The original parsed version (e.g., 4.x from != 4.x)
orig string
// When an x is used as part of the version (e.g., 1.x)
minorDirty bool
dirty bool
patchDirty bool
}
// Check if a version meets the constraint
func (c *constraint) check(v *Version) bool {
return c.function(v, c)
}
type cfunc func(v *Version, c *constraint) bool
func parseConstraint(c string) (*constraint, error) {
m := constraintRegex.FindStringSubmatch(c)
if m == nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("improper constraint: %s", c)
}
ver := m[2]
orig := ver
minorDirty := false
patchDirty := false
dirty := false
if isX(m[3]) {
ver = "0.0.0"
dirty = true
} else if isX(strings.TrimPrefix(m[4], ".")) || m[4] == "" {
minorDirty = true
dirty = true
ver = fmt.Sprintf("%s.0.0%s", m[3], m[6])
} else if isX(strings.TrimPrefix(m[5], ".")) {
dirty = true
patchDirty = true
ver = fmt.Sprintf("%s%s.0%s", m[3], m[4], m[6])
}
con, err := NewVersion(ver)
if err != nil {
// The constraintRegex should catch any regex parsing errors. So,
// we should never get here.
return nil, errors.New("constraint Parser Error")
}
cs := &constraint{
function: constraintOps[m[1]],
msg: constraintMsg[m[1]],
con: con,
orig: orig,
minorDirty: minorDirty,
patchDirty: patchDirty,
dirty: dirty,
}
return cs, nil
}
// Constraint functions
func constraintNotEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) bool {
if c.dirty {
// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
// more details.
if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
return false
}
if c.con.Major() != v.Major() {
return true
}
if c.con.Minor() != v.Minor() && !c.minorDirty {
return true
} else if c.minorDirty {
return false
}
return false
}
return !v.Equal(c.con)
}
func constraintGreaterThan(v *Version, c *constraint) bool {
// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
// more details.
if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
return false
}
return v.Compare(c.con) == 1
}
func constraintLessThan(v *Version, c *constraint) bool {
// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
// more details.
if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
return false
}
if !c.dirty {
return v.Compare(c.con) < 0
}
if v.Major() > c.con.Major() {
return false
} else if v.Minor() > c.con.Minor() && !c.minorDirty {
return false
}
return true
}
func constraintGreaterThanEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) bool {
// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
// more details.
if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
return false
}
return v.Compare(c.con) >= 0
}
func constraintLessThanEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) bool {
// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
// more details.
if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
return false
}
if !c.dirty {
return v.Compare(c.con) <= 0
}
if v.Major() > c.con.Major() {
return false
} else if v.Minor() > c.con.Minor() && !c.minorDirty {
return false
}
return true
}
// ~*, ~>* --> >= 0.0.0 (any)
// ~2, ~2.x, ~2.x.x, ~>2, ~>2.x ~>2.x.x --> >=2.0.0, <3.0.0
// ~2.0, ~2.0.x, ~>2.0, ~>2.0.x --> >=2.0.0, <2.1.0
// ~1.2, ~1.2.x, ~>1.2, ~>1.2.x --> >=1.2.0, <1.3.0
// ~1.2.3, ~>1.2.3 --> >=1.2.3, <1.3.0
// ~1.2.0, ~>1.2.0 --> >=1.2.0, <1.3.0
func constraintTilde(v *Version, c *constraint) bool {
// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
// more details.
if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
return false
}
if v.LessThan(c.con) {
return false
}
// ~0.0.0 is a special case where all constraints are accepted. It's
// equivalent to >= 0.0.0.
if c.con.Major() == 0 && c.con.Minor() == 0 && c.con.Patch() == 0 &&
!c.minorDirty && !c.patchDirty {
return true
}
if v.Major() != c.con.Major() {
return false
}
if v.Minor() != c.con.Minor() && !c.minorDirty {
return false
}
return true
}
// When there is a .x (dirty) status it automatically opts in to ~. Otherwise
// it's a straight =
func constraintTildeOrEqual(v *Version, c *constraint) bool {
// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
// more details.
if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
return false
}
if c.dirty {
c.msg = constraintMsg["~"]
return constraintTilde(v, c)
}
return v.Equal(c.con)
}
// ^* --> (any)
// ^2, ^2.x, ^2.x.x --> >=2.0.0, <3.0.0
// ^2.0, ^2.0.x --> >=2.0.0, <3.0.0
// ^1.2, ^1.2.x --> >=1.2.0, <2.0.0
// ^1.2.3 --> >=1.2.3, <2.0.0
// ^1.2.0 --> >=1.2.0, <2.0.0
func constraintCaret(v *Version, c *constraint) bool {
// If there is a pre-release on the version but the constraint isn't looking
// for them assume that pre-releases are not compatible. See issue 21 for
// more details.
if v.Prerelease() != "" && c.con.Prerelease() == "" {
return false
}
if v.LessThan(c.con) {
return false
}
if v.Major() != c.con.Major() {
return false
}
return true
}
var constraintRangeRegex *regexp.Regexp
const cvRegex string = `v?([0-9|x|X|\*]+)(\.[0-9|x|X|\*]+)?(\.[0-9|x|X|\*]+)?` +
`(-([0-9A-Za-z\-]+(\.[0-9A-Za-z\-]+)*))?` +
`(\+([0-9A-Za-z\-]+(\.[0-9A-Za-z\-]+)*))?`
func isX(x string) bool {
switch x {
case "x", "*", "X":
return true
default:
return false
}
}
func rewriteRange(i string) string {
m := constraintRangeRegex.FindAllStringSubmatch(i, -1)
if m == nil {
return i
}
o := i
for _, v := range m {
t := fmt.Sprintf(">= %s, <= %s", v[1], v[11])
o = strings.Replace(o, v[0], t, 1)
}
return o
}
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